A primary paper analysed the patterns of egg manufacturing and of egg business within the MEA area. This paper will focal point on poultry meat manufacturing and poultry meat business.
Hans-Wilhelm Windhorst – The creator is Professor emeritus of the College of Vechta and visiting professor on the College of Veterinary Medication Hannover, Germany
In 2020, 453 million folks lived within the 17 MEA international locations, 5.7% of the worldwide inhabitants. They shared 6.4 % in world poultry meat manufacturing and six.9% in hen meat manufacturing. Their function in world poultry meat business differed. In 2020, they shared 12.1% in world hen meat imports and contributed 4.8% to hen meat exports. Business with different poultry meat species was once negligible. The precise climatic state of affairs, which limits the manufacturing of poultry feed, explains their outstanding function in hen meat imports. The strange function of poultry meat within the vitamin of the MEA international locations effects from the loss of non secular boundaries in regards to the intake of this meat sort.
Hen meat ruled poultry meat manufacturing
Hen meat ruled poultry meat manufacturing within the MEA area in 2020, sharing 96.5% within the total manufacturing (Desk 1). The opposite meat varieties reached simplest relatively small volumes. Whilst Egypt ranked in first position in duck and goose meat manufacturing, Israel and Turkey in combination produced over 80% of the turkey meat. On account of the dominance of hen meat, the next research will focal point in this meat sort.
Top regional focus in hen meat manufacturing
In 2020, the 17 MEA international locations produced 8.2 mill. t of hen meat (principally broiler meat). The 10 main international locations 98.1%. Determine 1 paperwork the top regional focus. Iran and Turkey in combination contributed 53.0% to the full manufacturing quantity, the 4 main international locations 80.3%. The rating of the 3 main international locations displays that of the inhabitants. Israel, simplest quantity 9 referring to inhabitants, ranks in 5th position. The rustic clearly tries to be self-sufficient and to fulfill the call for by way of home manufacturing on account of its political and financial isolation. Israel had the best possible in step with capita poultry meat intake with over 60 kg/yr international in 2020.
Top regional focus additionally in hen meat business
Except for Turkey and Iran, the MEA international locations weren’t in a position to fulfill the rising call for by way of home manufacturing. Determine 2 finds the outstanding function of Turkey. The rustic shared 75.4% within the total export quantity; Iran contributed 7.2%. The United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Oman exported a few of their imports to adjoining Islamic international locations because the detailed research of the business flows will report. It’s value noting that Turkey now not simplest ranked in first position in poultry meat but additionally in egg exports. During the last twenty years, a extremely environment friendly poultry trade has advanced on this nation, which has been in a position to realize a robust place within the world business with those two pieces. If it’ll have the ability to take care of this place, depends on the long run financial construction and the devaluation of the Turkish Lira.
As anticipated, the regional focus in hen meat imports was once not up to in exports as lots of the MEA international locations needed to import to fulfill the steadily expanding call for. Nonetheless, the focus was once remarkably top. The 3 main international locations in combination shared over two thirds within the total imports of the area (Determine 3). 
Saudi Arabia ranked in an unchallenged first position, adopted by way of the United Arab Emirates and Iraq. The strange function which poultry meat performs within the vitamin of Saudi Arabia’s inhabitants is mirrored within the in step with capita intake of over 40 kg/yr. As discussed sooner than, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Oman exported a few of their imports to different Islamic international locations within the MEA area (Desk 2).
Patterns of business flows
For decided on international locations, patterns of hen meat exports and imports will probably be analysed.
In 2020, Turkey ranked in 5th position a number of the main hen meat exporting international locations with a percentage of three.6% within the world export quantity. Hen meat was once exported to 100 international locations; the regional focus was once on the other hand very top as Determine 4 paperwork. With a percentage of 53.8%, Iraq was once the main nation of vacation spot, adopted by way of Hong Kong, Libya and Congo. The composition and rating of the international locations displays the likelihood to deep freeze hen meat and, by contrast to shell eggs, to move it over lengthy distances. 
The United Arab Emirates ranked in 2nd position referring to hen meat exports by way of MEA area international locations (Desk 2). The home manufacturing was once simplest as top as 52,200 t. To fulfill the call for of the inhabitants, nearly 475,000 t of hen meat had been imported, in order that 527,200 t had been to be had for intake. Clearly, an oversupply befell, which led to an export of 62,200 t to Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
Desk 2 paperwork that during 2020 the import quantity was once about 1.5 mill. t upper than the export quantity. The spatial patterns of the imports will probably be analysed intimately for decided on international locations to report similarities and variations. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in combination imported nearly 1.1 mill. t of hen meat in 2020. Determine 5 presentations the remarkably top focus of Saudi Arabia’s imports. 
The 5 main international locations of foundation contributed 97.3% to the entire imports, Brazil on my own 71.8%. The strange function of Brazil is no surprise as it’s the main hen meat exporting nation. It’s unexpected, on the other hand, that america didn’t export equivalent amounts to Saudi Arabia. One explanation why could also be the aftermath of the Avian Influenza outbreaks in america in 2015, which stopped exports to over 30 international locations. One more reason is that the patrons at the Arab Peninsula want complete broilers with a median weight between 0.8 and 1 kg as a meal. Whilst Brazil and France be offering this product, america principally exported reduce up portions, which don’t seem to be very horny for the patrons (Windhorst 2019, 2021).
The import trend of the United Arab Emirates is sort of similar with that of Saudi Arabia. The one distinction is the upper contribution of america (Determine 6). The composition of the inhabitants within the Emirates differs significantly from that of Saudi Arabia. The share of non-Arabic population is remarkably top. Main global corporations and banks have their headquarters or branches in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. As well as, tourism performs the most important function, attracting guests from far and wide the sector. Top-class accommodations and eating places adapt to this example and be offering poultry foods, that are very similar to the ones in Europe or North The us. Reduce up portions are the root for those foods.
Qatar’s import trend is sort of similar with that of the United Arab Emirates. In 2020, Brazil shared 60.9% within the imports, america 20.5%. Kuwait imported over 104,000 t of broiler meat from Brazil, 80.3% of the entire import quantity.
A comparability of the business flows in poultry meat imports finds that Brazil was once the main nation of foundation for all international locations at the Arab Peninsula. The United States, quantity two in world broiler meat exports, received upper marketplace stocks simplest within the United Arab Emirates, which, in accordance with the precise composition of the inhabitants and its global financial family members, imported substantial quantities of reduce up portions to fulfill the shopper call for.
Abstract and views
The previous paper may just report that poultry meat manufacturing and business play the most important function within the MEA area. The loss of non secular boundaries makes poultry meat probably the most horny meat sort in vitamin. The regional focus in manufacturing in addition to in business was once very top. In hen meat manufacturing (nearly simplest broiler meat), the 4 main international locations shared over 80% within the manufacturing quantity in 2020. Iran and Turkey produced over two mill. t every. Except for Turkey and Iran, all different MEA international locations needed to import hen meat to fulfill the rising call for. Brazil was once the main nation of foundation for the imports of all international locations. The United States may just acquire upper marketplace stocks simplest within the United Arab Emirates. The rising inhabitants and a better buying energy will lead to a repeatedly expanding call for. As the growth of poultry meat manufacturing within the MEA area is restricted, hen meat imports will building up. If and when mobile cultured broiler meat will acquire upper marketplace stocks is a nonetheless open query in spite of the outstanding construction in Israel and projects in Qatar.
Knowledge resources and recommendations for additional studying
FAO database: https://www.fao.org/faostat.
Windhorst, H.-W.: Brazil and USA: Ongoing festival at the world hen meat marketplace. In: Zootecnica global 41 (2019), no. 6, p. 16-19.
Windhorst, H.-W.: Brasilien – ein Gigant der globalen Fleischerzeugung und im Fleischhandel. Teil 2: Mit Geflügel an der Spitze. In: Fleischwirtschaft 101 (2021), Nr. 8, S. 28-33.